Income Tax Calculator
Estimate your federal income tax based on your filing status, gross income, and deductions. Updated for tax year 2025/2026.
Standard deduction pre-filled. Adjust if itemizing.
How Is This Calculated?
Federal income tax is calculated using marginal tax brackets. Your taxable income (gross income minus deductions) is taxed at progressively higher rates for each bracket. For example, as a single filer in 2025: • 10% on income up to $11,925 • 12% on income from $11,925 to $48,475 • 22% on income from $48,475 to $103,350 • 24% on income from $103,350 to $197,300 • 32% on income from $197,300 to $250,525 • 35% on income from $250,525 to $626,350 • 37% on income above $626,350 Your effective tax rate is typically lower than your marginal rate because only the income within each bracket is taxed at that bracket's rate.
Frequently Asked Questions
What's the difference between marginal and effective tax rate?
Your marginal tax rate is the rate applied to your last dollar of income. Your effective rate is your total tax divided by total income — it's always lower than your marginal rate because of progressive brackets.
What is the standard deduction for 2025?
For 2025, the standard deduction is approximately $14,600 for single filers, $29,200 for married filing jointly, and $21,900 for head of household. These amounts are adjusted annually for inflation.
Does this calculator include state taxes?
This calculator estimates federal income tax only. State income tax varies by state — some states have no income tax (e.g., Texas, Florida), while others have rates up to 13%+.